Python实现DBSCAN聚类算法并样例测试
什么是聚类算法
聚类是一种机器学习技术,它涉及到数据点的分组。给定一组数据点,我们可以使用聚类算法将每个数据点划分为一个特定的组。理论上,同一组中的数据点应该具有相似的属性和/或特征,而不同组中的数据点应该具有高度不同的属性和/或特征。聚类是一种无监督学习的方法,是许多领域中常用的统计数据分析技术。
常用的算法包括K-MEANS、高斯混合模型(Gaussian Mixed Model,GMM)、自组织映射神经网络(Self-Organizing Map,SOM)
重点给大家介绍Python实现DBSCAN聚类算法并通过简单样例测试。
发现高密度的核心样品并从中膨胀团簇。
Python代码如下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Demo of DBSCAN clustering algorithm Finds core samples of high density and expands clusters from them. """ print(__doc__) # 引入相关包 import numpy as np from sklearn.cluster import DBSCAN from sklearn import metrics from sklearn.datasets.samples_generator import make_blobs from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # 初始化样本数据 centers = [[1, 1], [-1, -1], [1, -1]] X, labels_true = make_blobs(n_samples=750, centers=centers, cluster_std=0.4, random_state=0) X = StandardScaler().fit_transform(X) # 计算DBSCAN db = DBSCAN(eps=0.3, min_samples=10).fit(X) core_samples_mask = np.zeros_like(db.labels_, dtype=bool) core_samples_mask[db.core_sample_indices_] = True labels = db.labels_ # 聚类的结果 n_clusters_ = len(set(labels)) - (1 if -1 in labels else 0) n_noise_ = list(labels).count(-1) print('Estimated number of clusters: %d' % n_clusters_) print('Estimated number of noise points: %d' % n_noise_) print("Homogeneity: %0.3f" % metrics.homogeneity_score(labels_true, labels)) print("Completeness: %0.3f" % metrics.completeness_score(labels_true, labels)) print("V-measure: %0.3f" % metrics.v_measure_score(labels_true, labels)) print("Adjusted Rand Index: %0.3f" % metrics.adjusted_rand_score(labels_true, labels)) print("Adjusted Mutual Information: %0.3f" % metrics.adjusted_mutual_info_score(labels_true, labels, average_method='arithmetic')) print("Silhouette Coefficient: %0.3f" % metrics.silhouette_score(X, labels)) # 绘出结果 unique_labels = set(labels) colors = [plt.cm.Spectral(each) for each in np.linspace(0, 1, len(unique_labels))] for k, col in zip(unique_labels, colors): if k == -1: col = [0, 0, 0, 1] class_member_mask = (labels == k) xy = X[class_member_mask & core_samples_mask] plt.plot(xy[:, 0], xy[:, 1], 'o', markerfacecolor=tuple(col), markeredgecolor='k', markersize=14) xy = X[class_member_mask & ~core_samples_mask] plt.plot(xy[:, 0], xy[:, 1], 'o', markerfacecolor=tuple(col), markeredgecolor='k', markersize=6) plt.title('Estimated number of clusters: %d' % n_clusters_) plt.show()
测试结果如下:
最终结果绘图:
具体数据:
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