如何利用pygame实现打飞机小游戏
效果预览
最近上实训课，写了这么一个简单的小玩意。运行效果如下：（这个是有音效的，不过这个展示不了因为这里只能上传GIF）
项目结构
游戏对屏幕的适配
由于我使用的是笔记本所以对于屏幕来说是进行了缩放的，例如，我的笔记本缩放了125%
但是问题在于我们的pygame和其他的一些库例如selenium其实是按照100%显示的像素来算的。所以这个时候我们需要进行一个换算。
这个也好算： 当前显示像素比 = 100%显示像素比 X 缩放比
我们只需要换算一下就好了。这里我定义了一个类，来实现我们的需求，自动检测我们的电脑的屏幕缩放比，之后换算。
from win32 import win32api, win32gui, win32print
from win32.lib import win32con
from win32.win32api import GetSystemMetrics
class ChangeRealSize(object):
'''
该类主要对屏幕进行像素适配，按照缩放比对像素进行换算为100%显示
示例：
RealSize = ChangeRealSize()
x=RealSize.getreal_xy(500)
此时就可以换算为当前屏幕的像素
'''
def get_real_resolution(self):
"""获取真实的分辨率"""
hDC = win32gui.GetDC(0)
w = win32print.GetDeviceCaps(hDC, win32con.DESKTOPHORZRES)
h = win32print.GetDeviceCaps(hDC, win32con.DESKTOPVERTRES)
return w, h
def get_screen_size(self):
"""获取缩放后的分辨率"""
w = GetSystemMetrics (0)
h = GetSystemMetrics (1)
return w, h
def getreal_xy(self,x):
'''返回按照100%来算的真实的像素值'''
real_resolution = self.get_real_resolution()
screen_size = self.get_screen_size()
screen_scale_rate = round(real_resolution[0] / screen_size[0], 2)
try:
x = x/screen_scale_rate
except:
#对笔记本进行适配，一般而言在100%比的机器上x不会出错
x=1.25
return int(x)
游戏屏幕的绘制与飞机创建
屏幕绘制直接使用pygame.display.set_mode（）的bitl()绘制方法，进行绘制。当然这里的背景是会动的。所以使用到了一个精灵的派生类。
import pygame,random
from ChangeRealSize import ChangeRealSize
GetReal = ChangeRealSize()
class GameSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,image_path,speed=1):
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.image.load(image_path)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.speed = speed
def update(self):
self.rect.y+=self.speed
class Background(GameSprite):
def __init__(self, image_path="./Plane_Img/background1.png",flag=False):
super().__init__(image_path)
if flag:
self.rect.y = -self.rect.height
def update(self):
self.rect.y+=1
if self.rect.y >= self.rect.height:
self.rect.y = -self.rect.height
实现的具体方法如下：
飞机类的实现
这个我是自己定义的所以的话，没有办法直接使用那个自带的碰撞检测，我还定义了一个碰撞检测方法。
飞机的移动
这个和游戏类的事件检测配合。
具体思路是用pygame.event.get()进行事件检测。之后检测到按下某一个按键，例如向前移动是，就会设置向前移动的信号，那么这个时候飞机就会一直往前走。当松开后，那么设置信号为假，那么飞机就会停下来。由于飞机会一直在循环里面检测有没有按下那个向前，所以当你长按往前时，飞机会一直往前，直到你松开。
子弹与敌机类
这个子弹和敌机都是精灵派生类的子类。所以的话就一起说一下。
重点要说的时子弹类的碰撞检测，和敌机的碰撞检测。这里主要说一下子弹类，因为这个和敌机类似。只是有些细节不一样。
class Bullet(GameSprite):
def __init__(self,P_rect,is_hero=False,bullet_image = "./Plane_Img/bullet-3.gif",hero_rect=None):
self.hero_rect = hero_rect
self.bullet_image = bullet_image
self.speed = 4
self.is_hero = is_hero
self.P_rect = P_rect
self.screen_height = GetReal.getreal_xy(800)
self.screen_width = GetReal.getreal_xy(500)
self.actarct_plan = False
self.actract_hero=[]
super().__init__(self.bullet_image,self.speed)
self.rect.x = self.P_rect.x+((self.P_rect.width-self.rect.width)/2)
self.rect.y = self.P_rect.y
def enemy_bullet(self):
#可以在这里计算飞机被击中了多少次
#被击中减少5点
if not self.is_hero:
bullet_x = self.rect.x + int(self.rect.width / 2)
bullet_y = self.rect.y + int(self.rect.height / 2)
hero_plane_x = self.hero_rect.x + int(self.hero_rect.width / 2)
hero_plane_y = self.hero_rect.y + int(self.hero_rect.height / 2)
subtract_y = abs(int(bullet_y - hero_plane_y))
subtract_x = abs(int(bullet_x - hero_plane_x))
if subtract_y <= int((self.rect.height + self.hero_rect.height) / 2) and \
subtract_x <= int((self.rect.width + self.hero_rect.height) / 2):
self.actract_hero.append(1)
return True
def update(self):
if self.enemy_bullet():
#直接在这里计算数字一次减少5
global HERO_PLANE_HP
HERO_PLANE_HP-=5
# print(HERO_PLANE_HP)
self.kill()
if self.is_hero:
self.rect.y-=self.speed
else:
super().update()
if self.rect.bottom >=self.screen_height-3 :
self.kill()
子弹的话分两种，一个是飞机子弹，一个是敌机子弹，敌机的自带检测碰撞。一方面是方便分数统计（敌机击中飞机几次）了另一方面也是因为飞机是自定义的没有办法用pygame的事件检测（自带的）
敌机的爆炸
这个其实又和飞机的爆炸类似。
主要是检测有没有撞到飞机，之后通过切换图片就好了。当然这个时候我是开了线程的。不然会很快闪过去，换了和没换一样你看不到效果。
切换图片的函数，切换完毕，删除这个敌机类减少内存消耗
游戏小彩蛋
这个其实就是一个自己的后面
具体作用就是修改自己的飞机的HP值为99万
当然这个小游戏还没有做完，无敌也有点无聊，玩久了的话。
def CheatEngine():
global HERO_PLANE_HP
print("HP is %d" % HERO_PLANE_HP)
while 1:
key = input("maybe you can input something:")
if key=='break':
print("enjoy your game please Bye~")
return
elif key=="Huterox is best":
HERO_PLANE_HP=999999
print("Now your HP is %d!!!"%HERO_PLANE_HP)
return
完整代码
import pygame,random
from ChangeRealSize import ChangeRealSize
GetReal = ChangeRealSize()
class GameSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,image_path,speed=1):
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.image.load(image_path)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.speed = speed
def update(self):
self.rect.y+=self.speed
class Background(GameSprite):
def __init__(self, image_path="./Plane_Img/background1.png",flag=False):
super().__init__(image_path)
if flag:
self.rect.y = -self.rect.height
def update(self):
self.rect.y+=1
if self.rect.y >= self.rect.height:
self.rect.y = -self.rect.height
········································································································
import pygame,random,time,threading,os
from ChangeRealSize import ChangeRealSize
from GameSprite import GameSprite,Background
GetReal = ChangeRealSize()
GREATE_ENMEY_EVENT = pygame.USEREVENT#只能出现一次
HERO_FIRE_BULLTE = pygame.USEREVENT+1 #第二个事件
HERO_PLANE_HP = 300
def CheatEngine():
global HERO_PLANE_HP
print("HP is %d" % HERO_PLANE_HP)
while 1:
key = input("maybe you can input something:")
if key=='break':
print("enjoy your game please Bye~")
return
elif key=="Huterox is best":
HERO_PLANE_HP=999999
print("Now your HP is %d!!!"%HERO_PLANE_HP)
return
class Base():
'''飞机的初始化样式，位置'''
def __init__(self,x,y,width,height,path):
self.x = GetReal.getreal_xy(x)
self.y = GetReal.getreal_xy(y)
self.width = GetReal.getreal_xy(width)
self.height = GetReal.getreal_xy(height)
self.image = pygame.image.load(path)
self.rect = pygame.Rect(self.x,self.y,self.height,self.width)
class Planer(Base):
def __init__(self,x,y,width,height,path,screen):
Base.__init__(self,x,y,width,height,path)
self.Killed = False
self.screen = screen
self.GoStrange=False
self.TurnLeft = False
self.TurnRight =False
self.GoBack = False
self.Fire_flag = False
self.Boom_path="./Plane_Img/hero_blowup_n{}.png"
self.bullet_group=pygame.sprite.Group()
pygame.time.set_timer(HERO_FIRE_BULLTE,250)
self.Plane_need_Killed=[]#由于会重复执行只能去用列表的数量来判断
def Move(self):
if self.Killed:
self.rect=pygame.Rect(0,0,0,0)
return
if self.GoStrange:
if self.rect.bottom <= 300:
self.show()
return
else:
self.rect.y -= 3
self.show()
if self.TurnLeft:
if self.rect.x<=3:
self.show()
return
else:
self.rect.x-=2
self.show()
if self.TurnRight:
if self.rect.x>=Game.screen_x-self.rect.width-3:
self.show()
return
else:
self.rect.x+=2
self.show()
if self.GoBack:
if self.rect.bottom>=Game.screen_y-30:
self.show()
return
else:
self.rect.y +=2
self.show()
self.show()
def Get_bullet(self):
#子弹加载
if self.Killed:
return
if self.Fire_flag:
MusicPlay().PlayPlanSound()
bullet = Bullet(self.rect,True)
self.bullet_group.add(bullet)
def Fire(self):
#子弹发射
if self.Killed:
return
self.bullet_group.update()
self.bullet_group.draw(self.screen)
def Goal(self):
pass
def show(self):
if self.Killed:
return
Game.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)
# pygame.display.update()
def __plane_Boom(self):
if self.Killed:
return
for i in range(1, 5):
self.image_path = self.Boom_path.format(i)
self.image = pygame.image.load(self.image_path)
time.sleep(0.3)
time.sleep(1)
self.Killed =True
def Plane_Live(self):
if self.Killed:
return
global HERO_PLANE_HP
if HERO_PLANE_HP<=0:
HERO_PLANE_HP =0
self.Plane_need_Killed.append(1)
if len(self.Plane_need_Killed)==1:
t = threading.Thread(target=self.__plane_Boom)
t.start()
#音乐播放类
class MusicPlay():
def __init__(self):
self.bgmusic = pygame.mixer.music
def PlayBg(self):
self.bgmusic.load("./music/PlaneWarsBackgroundMusic.mp3")
self.bgmusic.set_volume(0.3)
self.bgmusic.play(-1)
def StarBg(self):
self.bgmusic.stop()
def PlayPlanSound(self):
self.PlayPlaneMusic = pygame.mixer.Sound("./music/hero_fire.wav")
self.PlayPlaneMusic.set_volume(0.2)
self.PlayPlaneMusic.play()
def StopPlayPlanSound(self):
pass
#子弹类
class Bullet(GameSprite):
def __init__(self,P_rect,is_hero=False,bullet_image = "./Plane_Img/bullet-3.gif",hero_rect=None):
self.hero_rect = hero_rect
self.bullet_image = bullet_image
self.speed = 4
self.is_hero = is_hero
self.P_rect = P_rect
self.screen_height = GetReal.getreal_xy(800)
self.screen_width = GetReal.getreal_xy(500)
self.actarct_plan = False
self.actract_hero=[]
super().__init__(self.bullet_image,self.speed)
self.rect.x = self.P_rect.x+((self.P_rect.width-self.rect.width)/2)
self.rect.y = self.P_rect.y
def enemy_bullet(self):
#可以在这里计算飞机被击中了多少次
#被击中减少5点
if not self.is_hero:
bullet_x = self.rect.x + int(self.rect.width / 2)
bullet_y = self.rect.y + int(self.rect.height / 2)
hero_plane_x = self.hero_rect.x + int(self.hero_rect.width / 2)
hero_plane_y = self.hero_rect.y + int(self.hero_rect.height / 2)
subtract_y = abs(int(bullet_y - hero_plane_y))
subtract_x = abs(int(bullet_x - hero_plane_x))
if subtract_y <= int((self.rect.height + self.hero_rect.height) / 2) and \
subtract_x <= int((self.rect.width + self.hero_rect.height) / 2):
self.actract_hero.append(1)
return True
def update(self):
if self.enemy_bullet():
#直接在这里计算数字一次减少5
global HERO_PLANE_HP
HERO_PLANE_HP-=5
# print(HERO_PLANE_HP)
self.kill()
if self.is_hero:
self.rect.y-=self.speed
else:
super().update()
if self.rect.bottom >=self.screen_height-3 :
self.kill()
#敌机类
class Enemy(GameSprite):
def __init__(self,hero_plane,screen,image_path="./Plane_Img/enemy0.png"):
self.speed = random.randint(1,3)
self.image_path =image_path
self.screen = screen
self.hero_plane = hero_plane
self.hero_bullet = self.hero_plane.bullet_group
self.fire_interval = False
#通过这个和另一个计时线程配合来实现子弹的间断发射
self.collied_with_plan = []
super().__init__(self.image_path,self.speed)
self.screen_height = GetReal.getreal_xy(800)
self.screen_width = GetReal.getreal_xy(500)
self.Turn_L_Flag = True
self.Boom_path = "./Plane_Img/enemy0_down{}.png"
self.rect.y = GetReal.getreal_xy(self.rect.top-self.rect.bottom)
self.rect.x = random.randint(0, self.screen_width - self.rect.width)
self.bullet_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
def __Boom(self):
#这里还可以对以后飞机击落敌机的数量计数
#敌机应该检测自己有没有和飞机的子弹相撞
flag_killed_by_bullet = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self,self.hero_bullet,True)
if flag_killed_by_bullet or self.__IS_collied_with_plan():
#被用户撞了HP值减少20
global HERO_PLANE_HP
if len(self.collied_with_plan)==1:
HERO_PLANE_HP -=20
t = threading.Thread(target=self.Boom_ing)
t.start()
pass
def Boom_ing(self):
for i in range(1, 5):
self.image_path = self.Boom_path.format(i)
self.image = pygame.image.load(self.image_path)
time.sleep(0.2)
self.kill()
def __IS_collied_with_plan(self):
#碰撞检查是否与用户飞机碰撞
center_enemy_x = self.rect.x +int(self.rect.width/2)
center_enemy_y = self.rect.y +int(self.rect.height/2)
center_plane_x = self.hero_plane.rect.x+int(self.hero_plane.rect.width/2)
center_plane_y = self.hero_plane.rect.y+int(self.hero_plane.rect.height/2)
subtract_y = abs(int(center_enemy_y-center_plane_y))
subtract_x = abs(int(center_enemy_x-center_plane_x))
if subtract_y <= int((self.rect.height+self.hero_plane.rect.height)/2) and\
subtract_x <= int((self.rect.width+self.hero_plane.rect.height)/2):
self.collied_with_plan.append(1)
return True
def __Bullet_building(self):
if self.rect.y% 50 ==0:
buttle = Bullet(self.rect,bullet_image="./Plane_Img/bullet-1.gif",hero_rect=self.hero_plane.rect)
self.bullet_group.add(buttle)
def __Shut(self):
self.bullet_group.update()
self.bullet_group.draw(self.screen)
def update(self):
super().update()
#定义敌机的出现
self.__Boom()#监听是否碰撞和子弹被射击
self.__Bullet_building()
self.__Shut()
if self.rect.top >= self.screen_height + 3:
#//越界判断
# self.rect.y = -20
self.kill()
if self.Turn_L_Flag:
self.rect.x += random.randint(1,2)
if self.rect.right >= self.screen_width - 3:
self.Turn_L_Flag = False
else:
self.rect.x -= random.randint(2, 3)
if self.rect.left <= 3:
self.Turn_L_Flag = True
class PlayGame(object):
def __init__(self):
pygame.init()
self.screen_x, self.screen_y = GetReal.getreal_xy(500), GetReal.getreal_xy(800)
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((self.screen_x, self.screen_y))
self.Flush_Clcok = pygame.time.Clock()
pygame.display.set_caption('英雄无敌!!!')
self.enemy_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.hero_palne = Planer(200, 500, 100, 125, "./Plane_Img/hero1.png", self.screen)
pygame.time.set_timer(GREATE_ENMEY_EVENT,1000)#绑定常量事件
def __game_over(self):
global HERO_PLANE_HP
if self.hero_palne.Killed:
while True:
bye = pygame.image.load("./Plane_Img/gameover_.png")
self.screen.blit(bye,(0,0))
pygame.display.update()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
os._exit(0)
def __Listening_keyboard(self,hero_palne):
'''键盘按键事件侦听'''
'''hero_palne部分是侦听用户飞机的
其余的是其他的事件侦听
'''
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
os._exit(0)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
#检测键盘按下
if event.key == pygame.K_w or event.key == pygame.K_UP:
hero_palne.GoStrange = True
if event.key == pygame.K_a or event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
hero_palne.TurnLeft = True
if event.key == pygame.K_d or event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
hero_palne.TurnRight = True
if event.key == pygame.K_s or event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
hero_palne.GoBack = True
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
hero_palne.Fire_flag= True
if event.type == HERO_FIRE_BULLTE:
hero_palne.Get_bullet()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
# 检测键盘松开
if event.key == pygame.K_w or event.key == pygame.K_UP:
hero_palne.GoStrange = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_a or event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
hero_palne.TurnLeft = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_d or event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
hero_palne.TurnRight = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_s or event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
hero_palne.GoBack = False
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
hero_palne.Fire_flag = False
#敌机出现侦听
elif event.type == GREATE_ENMEY_EVENT:
self.__Enemy_init()
def __doc__(self):
pass
def __BackGround_init(self):
bg1 = Background()
bg2 = Background(flag=True)
self.back_ground = pygame.sprite.Group(bg1,bg2)
def __ShowBackGround(self):
self.back_ground.update()
self.back_ground.draw(self.screen)
def __Enemy_init(self):
#临时的东西
enemy = Enemy(self.hero_palne,self.screen)
self.enemy_group.add(enemy)
def __Show_enemy(self):
if self.enemy_group:
self.enemy_group.update()
self.enemy_group.draw(self.screen)
def __Check_planecollied_enemy(self):
pass
def star_game(self):
PlayerMusic = MusicPlay()
PlayerMusic.PlayBg()
hero_palne = Planer(200, 500, 100, 125, "./Plane_Img/hero1.png", self.screen)
self.__BackGround_init()#加载背景
self.__Enemy_init()#加载敌机
while 1:
self.__ShowBackGround()
self.__Show_enemy()
self.__Listening_keyboard(self.hero_palne )
self.hero_palne.Move()
self.hero_palne.Fire()
self.hero_palne.Plane_Live()
self.__game_over()
pygame.display.update() # 敲黑板这个方法最好只出现一次，就在你的游戏主循环里面实现
self.Flush_Clcok.tick(60)
if __name__ == '__main__':
t = threading.Thread(target=CheatEngine)
t.start()
Game = PlayGame()
Game.star_game()
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