C++实现控制台随机迷宫的示例代码
我全程使用TCHAR系列函数,亲测可以不改动代码兼容Unicode/ANSI开发环境,功能正常。大概有100行代码是来自网络的,我也做了改动,侵权请联系删除。
这个代码不能算是完美,还是会有轻微的闪屏现象,懒得再加双缓存了,大家可以自行修改。这里用的是SetConsoleCursorPosition函数和cls刷新屏幕。
好了,上代码!VS2015编译通过无警告。其他版本应该也没问题
// C++ Maze main code // Copyright (c) 2020 szx0427 #include <cstdio> #include <Windows.h> #include <conio.h> #include <tchar.h> #include <ctime> using namespace std; #ifdef _UNICODE #include <io.h> #include <fcntl.h> #define CH_RECT L'■' // a rectangle (wall) #define CH_PLAYER L'○' // a circle (player) #define CH_SPACE L' ' // a space (route) #else #define CH_RECT '#' #define CH_PLAYER 'O' #define CH_SPACE ' ' #endif // _UNICODE #define LENGTH (30 + 2 * 2) #define WALL 0 #define ROUTE 1 #define PLAYER 2 static UINT g_Rank = 0; static SHORT g_lives = 3; static BOOL** g_maze = nullptr; void _Create( __in const int x, __in const int y ); void _Print(void); int _CreateAndPrint(void); inline void _die(void) { --g_lives; for (int n = 1; n <= 2; n++) { _tsystem(_T("color fc")); Sleep(70); _tsystem(_T("color 07")); Sleep(70); } } int _tmain(void) { CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cci; GetConsoleCursorInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), &cci); cci.bVisible = false; SetConsoleCursorInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), &cci); #ifdef _UNICODE _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_U16TEXT); #endif // _UNICODE srand((UINT)time(NULL)); int k; start: k = _CreateAndPrint(); TCHAR ch; bool bExit = false; bool bWin = false; int x = 2, y = 1; while (!bExit && g_lives >= 0 && !bWin) { ch = _gettch(); switch (ch) { case _T('R'): case _T('r'): _tsystem(_T("cls")); x = 2; y = 1; for (int l = 0; l < LENGTH; l++) { free(g_maze[l]); } free(g_maze); k = _CreateAndPrint(); break; case VK_ESCAPE: bExit = true; break; case TCHAR(0xE0): switch (ch = _gettch()) { case TCHAR(72): if (g_maze[x - 1][y] != WALL) { g_maze[x][y] = ROUTE; --x; g_maze[x][y] = PLAYER; } else { _die(); } break; case TCHAR(80): if (g_maze[x + 1][y] != WALL) { g_maze[x][y] = ROUTE; ++x; g_maze[x][y] = PLAYER; } else { _die(); } break; case TCHAR(75): if (g_maze[x][y - 1] != WALL && !(x == 2 && y == 1)) { g_maze[x][y] = ROUTE; --y; g_maze[x][y] = PLAYER; } else { _die(); } break; case TCHAR(77): if (g_maze[x][y + 1] != WALL) { g_maze[x][y] = ROUTE; ++y; g_maze[x][y] = PLAYER; } else { _die(); } break; default: break; } if (x == k && y == LENGTH - 2) { bWin = true; } _Print(); break; default: break; } } x = 2; y = 1; for (int l = 0; l < LENGTH; l++) { free(g_maze[l]); } free(g_maze); if (g_lives == -1) { _tsystem(_T("cls")); _putts(_T("你撞墙次数超过限制,本局游戏失败!")); _putts(_T("如果要再开局,请按下[R]键!否则,按下其他键以退出!")); ch = _gettch(); if (ch == 'R' || ch == 'r') { goto start; } } else if (bWin) { _tsystem(_T("cls")); _putts(_T("恭喜,你赢了!是否要再来一局?")); _putts(_T("如果要再开局,请按下[R]键!否则,按下其他键以退出!")); ch = _gettch(); if (ch == 'R' || ch == 'r') { goto start; } } return 0; } void _Create(const int x, const int y) { g_maze[x][y] = ROUTE; int dict[4][2] = { { 1, 0 }, { -1, 0 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, -1 } }; int r, tmp; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { r = rand() % 4; tmp = dict[0][0]; dict[0][0] = dict[r][0]; dict[r][0] = tmp; tmp = dict[0][1]; dict[0][1] = dict[r][1]; dict[r][1] = tmp; } int dx, dy, range, count; for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) { dx = x; dy = y; range = 1 + (g_Rank == 0 ? 0 : rand() % g_Rank); while (range > 0) { dx += dict[j][0]; dy += dict[j][1]; if (g_maze[dx][dy] == ROUTE) { break; } count = 0; for (int k = dx - 1; k < dx + 2; k++) { for (int l = dy - 1; l < dy + 2; l++) { if (abs(k - dx) + abs(l - dy) == 1 && g_maze[k][l] == ROUTE) { count++; } } } if (count > 1) { break; } --range; g_maze[dx][dy] = ROUTE; } if (range <= 0) { _Create(dx, dy); } } } int _CreateAndPrint(void) { _tprintf(_T("正在分配内存...")); g_maze = (int**)malloc(LENGTH * sizeof(int*)); for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) { g_maze[i] = (int*)calloc(LENGTH, sizeof(int)); } _tprintf(_T("完成!\n")); _tprintf(_T("正在加载迷宫...")); g_lives = 3; for (int j = 0; j < LENGTH; j++) { g_maze[j][0] = ROUTE; g_maze[0][j] = ROUTE; g_maze[j][LENGTH - 1] = ROUTE; g_maze[LENGTH - 1][j] = ROUTE; } _Create(2, 2); g_maze[2][1] = PLAYER; int k; for (k = LENGTH - 3; k >= 0; k--) { if (g_maze[k][LENGTH - 3] == ROUTE) { g_maze[k][LENGTH - 2] = ROUTE; break; } } _tprintf(_T("完成!\n")); _Print(); return k; } void _Print(void) { SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), { 0, 0 }); for (int x = 0; x < LENGTH; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < LENGTH; y++) { switch (g_maze[x][y]) { case ROUTE: _puttch(CH_SPACE); break; case WALL: _puttch(CH_RECT); break; case PLAYER: _puttch(CH_PLAYER); break; default: break; } } _tprintf(_T("\n")); } _putts(_T("上下左右方向键用来移动,按Esc可退出,按R重新开局。")); _tprintf(_T("剩余可撞墙次数:%d"), g_lives); }
这是C++风格的代码。因为用到了内联函数等C++特性,可能不能直接兼容C语言环境,但是稍作改动即可完美兼容。(ps:至少大家不用为字符集设置发愁了 XD)
效果:
其中LENGTH宏规定了边长。这里是30。
想改边长,直接更改那个30就可以了。
其中全局变量g_Rank
规定了难度,数值越小难度越大,最小值为0。
也是一样,改难度直接改这个就OK。
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