Android GridLayout使用案例详解
目录
- 一、简介
- 二、常用属性介绍
- 三、平分问题
- 四、小米计算器效果
- 五、动态加载
一、简介
GridLayout是Android4.0引入的网格布局,使用它可以减少布局嵌套。也算是常用,但一直没仔细看过,今天研究一下
二、常用属性介绍
GridLayout 使用属性
item属性
注意
使用layout_columnSpan 、layout_rowSpan时要加上layout_gravity属性,否则没有效果;另外item在边缘时宽高计算会出现错误,需要我们手动设置宽高,否则达不到想要的效果
三、平分问题
GridLayout在API21时引入了android:layout_columnWeight和android:layout_rowWeight来解决平分问题
那么在API21以前的,想要平分的话:引用兼容包
compile 'com.android.support:gridlayout-v7:25.+'
注意:
- 使用该控件,命名空间使用app
- 单独设置app:layout_columnWeight时,这一列的所有item都设置为这个属性,才能达到预期效果,否则这一列中设置了该属性的item,都会被隐藏,显示不出来
- 单独设置app:layout_rowWeight时,没有问题
四、小米计算器效果
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/grid_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="#ece7e7" app:alignmentMode="alignBounds" app:columnCount="4" app:orientation="horizontal" app:rowCount="5" app:useDefaultMargins="false" tools:context="com.strivestay.gridlayoutdemo.MainActivity"> <!-- 如果不使用 app:layout_gravity="fill", 则实际下面这个textview的宽度只是wrap_content, 实现不了想要的right|bottom效果; 或者, 用app:layout_columnWeight="1", 效果等同,填充满 --> <TextView android:gravity="right|bottom" android:text="0" app:layout_columnSpan="4" app:layout_rowWeight="3" app:layout_columnWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="AC" android:textColor="#f68904" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="退格" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="/" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="*" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="7" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="8" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="9" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="—" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="4" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="5" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="6" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="+" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="1" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="2" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="3" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#f68904" android:gravity="center" android:text="=" android:textColor="#ffffff" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowSpan="2" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="%" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="0" app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> <TextView android:layout_margin="1dp" android:background="#ffffff" android:gravity="center" android:text="." app:layout_columnWeight="1" app:layout_rowWeight="1"/> </android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout>
效果: 4.4.4模拟器
五、动态加载
1.xml引用GridLayout
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/grid_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="#ece7e7" app:orientation="horizontal" app:useDefaultMargins="false" app:alignmentMode="alignBounds" tools:context="com.strivestay.gridlayoutdemo.MainActivity"> </android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout>
2.动态添加
package com.strivestay.gridlayoutdemo; import android.graphics.Color; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout; import android.view.Gravity; import android.widget.TextView; /** * GridLayout示例 * @author StriveStay * @date 2018/3/27 */ public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private String[] mStrings = {"0","AC","退格","/","*","7","8","9","—","4","5","6","+","1","2","3","=","%","0","."}; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); // xml布局 // setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); // 动态添加 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2); GridLayout gridLayout = (GridLayout) findViewById(R.id.grid_layout); // 6行 4列 gridLayout.setColumnCount(4); gridLayout.setRowCount(6); for (int i = 0; i < mStrings.length; i++) { TextView textView = new TextView(this); GridLayout.LayoutParams params = new GridLayout.LayoutParams(); params.width =0; params.height =0; if(i == 0){ // 设置行列下标, 所占行列 ,比重 // 对应: layout_row , layout_rowSpan , layout_rowWeight // 如下代表: item坐标(0,0), 占 1 行,比重为 3 ; 占 4 列,比重为 1 params.rowSpec = GridLayout.spec(0,1,3f); params.columnSpec = GridLayout.spec(0,4,1f); textView.setGravity(Gravity.BOTTOM|Gravity.RIGHT); }else{ // 设置行列下标,和比重 params.rowSpec = GridLayout.spec((i+3)/4,1f); params.columnSpec = GridLayout.spec((i+3)%4,1f); // 背景 textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE); // 字体颜色 if("AC".equals(mStrings[i])){ textView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#f68904")); } if("=".equals(mStrings[i])){ textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#f68904")); textView.setTextColor(Color.WHITE); params.rowSpec = GridLayout.spec((i+3)/4,2,1f); } // 居中显示 textView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER); // 设置边距 params.setMargins(2,2,2,2); } // 设置文字 textView.setText(mStrings[i]); // 添加item gridLayout.addView(textView,params); } } }
效果和用xml中直接布局一样:
注意:
GridLayout.spec(); 这个方法是一个重点,需要好好看一下,而且由于它有几个重载方法,使用时也要注意。比如说下面两个方法:
public static Spec spec(int start, int size) public static Spec spec(int start, float weight)
我刚开始就忽略了这点,本想用的是第二个带有weight的方法,但是传入参数时,没有加上f,就调用了第一个方法,搞了半天才发现
所以,如果调用的是第二个方法,一定要注意float参数的表示方法,加个f,如:GridLayout.spec(0,1f);
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