Android自定义控件实现圆形进度CircleProgressBar
近日有朋友问我有没有如下图效果的开源控件
相信大家无论是用IOS还是Android,都对这种效果不陌生，很多主流APP都会有这样或类似的效果，之前也打算研究一下这类控件的代码，苦于一直不知道应该怎么搜索这种效果(就是关键词)或者所搜的结果不是自己想要的，所以就一直搁置了下来。
正好朋友需要这种效果，所以就忙里偷闲写了一个类似的、更加常见和适用范围更多的控件，效果如下图所示：
自定义上图所示效果的控件时，其实就是用Canvas绘制不同效果，比如渐变圆弧背景、圆周白色分割线、中间文字等，这篇博客也根据绘制的顺序依次阐述。
1.自定义CircleProgressBar，继承View，并实现响应的构造函数
代码如下：
/**
* Created by WangChunLei on 2016.1.16
* E-mail:wcl_android@163.com
*/
public class GradientProgressBar extends View {
public GradientProgressBar(Context context) {
super(context);
init();
}
public GradientProgressBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
init();
}
public GradientProgressBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
init();
}
}
其中init方法是对相关画笔进行初始化的方法，init方法代码如下：
private void init() {
backCirclePaint = new Paint();
backCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
backCirclePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
backCirclePaint.setColor(Color.LTGRAY);
backCirclePaint.setStrokeWidth(circleBorderWidth);
// backCirclePaint.setMaskFilter(new BlurMaskFilter(20, BlurMaskFilter.Blur.OUTER));
gradientCirclePaint = new Paint();
gradientCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
gradientCirclePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
gradientCirclePaint.setColor(Color.LTGRAY);
gradientCirclePaint.setStrokeWidth(circleBorderWidth);
linePaint = new Paint();
linePaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
linePaint.setStrokeWidth(5);
textPaint = new Paint();
textPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
textPaint.setTextSize(textSize);
textPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
}
2.测量控件的宽高-onMeasure
onMeasure是自定义控件的第一步，目的就是测量得到该控件应该占有的宽高尺寸。其中onMeasure方法的代码如下：
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int measureHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
setMeasuredDimension(Math.min(measureWidth, measureHeight), Math.min(measureWidth, measureHeight));
}
贴上onMeasure的代码后，大家估计是很少见过测量过程这么简单的onMeasure，不要介意，有兴趣的同僚们可以细化一下这个测量过程，对不同的测量模式分别进行处理和测量，让控件适配效果更好更完善！
onMeasure方法中，分别获取期望的宽度和高度，并取其中较小的尺寸作为该控件的宽和高。
3.依次绘制不同的控件组成部分。
因为控件是直接继承自View,所以不需要再处理onLayout方法，这也是自定义View的难度远小于自定义ViewGroup的原因，但继承ViewGroup也并不一定要重写onMeasure。
要实现如图所示的效果，需要分以下步骤依次实现
(1)绘制灰色空心圆环
(2)绘制颜色渐变的圆环
(3)绘制圆环上分割的白色线条
(4)绘制百分比文字等。
绘制过程过，后绘制的内容如果与之前绘制的内容存在交集，则后绘制的内容会覆盖掉之前绘制的内容。
按照上述步骤依次介绍
在绘制过程中，会产生以下成员变量，下文中会用到：
/*圆弧线宽*/
private float circleBorderWidth = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 20, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
/*内边距*/
private float circlePadding = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 20, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
/*字体大小*/
private float textSize = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_SP, 50, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
/*绘制圆周的画笔*/
private Paint backCirclePaint;
/*绘制圆周白色分割线的画笔*/
private Paint linePaint;
/*绘制文字的画笔*/
private Paint textPaint;
/*百分比*/
private int percent = 0;
/*渐变圆周颜色数组*/
private int[] gradientColorArray = new int[]{Color.GREEN, Color.parseColor("#fe751a"), Color.parseColor("#13be23"), Color.GREEN};
private Paint gradientCirclePaint;
3.1绘制灰色空心圆环
代码如下：
//1.绘制灰色背景圆环 canvas.drawArc( new RectF(circlePadding * 2, circlePadding * 2, getMeasuredWidth() - circlePadding * 2, getMeasuredHeight() - circlePadding * 2), -90, 360, false, backCirclePaint);
其中，-90为绘制圆弧的起始角度，360是圆弧绘制的角度，即sweepAngle.
3.2绘制颜色渐变的圆环
//2.绘制颜色渐变圆环 LinearGradient linearGradient = new LinearGradient(circlePadding, circlePadding, getMeasuredWidth() - circlePadding, getMeasuredHeight() - circlePadding, gradientColorArray, null, Shader.TileMode.MIRROR); gradientCirclePaint.setShader(linearGradient); gradientCirclePaint.setShadowLayer(10, 10, 10, Color.RED); canvas.drawArc( new RectF(circlePadding * 2, circlePadding * 2, getMeasuredWidth() - circlePadding * 2, getMeasuredHeight() - circlePadding * 2), -90, (float) (percent / 100.0) * 360, false, gradientCirclePaint);
其中，linearGradient是Paint的shadow,是为了圆弧的颜色渐变效果的而需要设置的，日常开发中应用频率不高，但的确是可以实现非常理想的颜色渐变效果。
3.3绘制圆环上分割的白色线条
绘制圆弧上的白色线条时，需要进行一些简单的运算，比如线条的起始坐标startX,startY和线条的终止坐标stopX,stopY等，利用简单的三角函数还是很容易去计算出来的。
效果中，将圆弧使用白色线条平分成100分，每一个的阶级为1，可以满足int类型的百分比与效果图比例的一致。
//半径
float radius = (getMeasuredWidth() - circlePadding * 3) / 2;
//X轴中点坐标
int centerX = getMeasuredWidth() / 2;
//3.绘制100份线段，切分空心圆弧
for (float i = 0; i < 360; i += 3.6) {
double rad = i * Math.PI / 180;
float startX = (float) (centerX + (radius - circleBorderWidth) * Math.sin(rad));
float startY = (float) (centerX + (radius - circleBorderWidth) * Math.cos(rad));
float stopX = (float) (centerX + radius * Math.sin(rad) + 1);
float stopY = (float) (centerX + radius * Math.cos(rad) + 1);
canvas.drawLine(startX, startY, stopX, stopY, linePaint);
}
3.4绘制百分比文字等
最后绘制百分比文字。
绘制文字时，为了保持文字的中心点和圆弧的原点一致，需要先测量得到要显示文字的宽度和高度，然后再进行一些简单的运算，原理不再赘述，相信大家数学一定都比我好。
//4.绘制文字 float textWidth = textPaint.measureText(percent + "%"); int textHeight = (int) (Math.ceil(textPaint.getFontMetrics().descent - textPaint.getFontMetrics().ascent) + 2); canvas.drawText(percent + "%", centerX - textWidth / 2, centerX + textHeight / 4, textPaint);
最后，暴漏一个公共的方法供改变显示的百分比，代码如下：
/**
* 设置百分比
*
* @param percent
*/
public void setPercent(int percent) {
if (percent < 0) {
percent = 0;
} else if (percent > 100) {
percent = 100;
}
this.percent = percent;
invalidate();
}
至此，所有绘制过程简述完毕，130行代码就能实现很炫酷的效果有木有？
最后，贴上项目完整代码，供懒得看实现过程的同僚们使用，O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
package com.example.myview;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.*;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.TypedValue;
import android.view.View;
/**
* Created by WangChunLei on 2016.1.16
* e-mail:wcl_android@163.com
*/
public class GradientProgressBar extends View {
/*圆弧线宽*/
private float circleBorderWidth = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 20, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
/*内边距*/
private float circlePadding = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 20, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
/*字体大小*/
private float textSize = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_SP, 50, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
/*绘制圆周的画笔*/
private Paint backCirclePaint;
/*绘制圆周白色分割线的画笔*/
private Paint linePaint;
/*绘制文字的画笔*/
private Paint textPaint;
/*百分比*/
private int percent = 0;
/*渐变圆周颜色数组*/
private int[] gradientColorArray = new int[]{Color.GREEN, Color.parseColor("#fe751a"), Color.parseColor("#13be23"), Color.GREEN};
private Paint gradientCirclePaint;
public GradientProgressBar(Context context) {
super(context);
init();
}
public GradientProgressBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
init();
}
public GradientProgressBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
init();
}
private void init() {
backCirclePaint = new Paint();
backCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
backCirclePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
backCirclePaint.setColor(Color.LTGRAY);
backCirclePaint.setStrokeWidth(circleBorderWidth);
// backCirclePaint.setMaskFilter(new BlurMaskFilter(20, BlurMaskFilter.Blur.OUTER));
gradientCirclePaint = new Paint();
gradientCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
gradientCirclePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
gradientCirclePaint.setColor(Color.LTGRAY);
gradientCirclePaint.setStrokeWidth(circleBorderWidth);
linePaint = new Paint();
linePaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
linePaint.setStrokeWidth(5);
textPaint = new Paint();
textPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
textPaint.setTextSize(textSize);
textPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int measureHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
setMeasuredDimension(Math.min(measureWidth, measureHeight), Math.min(measureWidth, measureHeight));
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
//1.绘制灰色背景圆环
canvas.drawArc(
new RectF(circlePadding * 2, circlePadding * 2,
getMeasuredWidth() - circlePadding * 2, getMeasuredHeight() - circlePadding * 2), -90, 360, false, backCirclePaint);
//2.绘制颜色渐变圆环
LinearGradient linearGradient = new LinearGradient(circlePadding, circlePadding,
getMeasuredWidth() - circlePadding,
getMeasuredHeight() - circlePadding,
gradientColorArray, null, Shader.TileMode.MIRROR);
gradientCirclePaint.setShader(linearGradient);
gradientCirclePaint.setShadowLayer(10, 10, 10, Color.RED);
canvas.drawArc(
new RectF(circlePadding * 2, circlePadding * 2,
getMeasuredWidth() - circlePadding * 2, getMeasuredHeight() - circlePadding * 2), -90, (float) (percent / 100.0) * 360, false, gradientCirclePaint);
//半径
float radius = (getMeasuredWidth() - circlePadding * 3) / 2;
//X轴中点坐标
int centerX = getMeasuredWidth() / 2;
//3.绘制100份线段，切分空心圆弧
for (float i = 0; i < 360; i += 3.6) {
double rad = i * Math.PI / 180;
float startX = (float) (centerX + (radius - circleBorderWidth) * Math.sin(rad));
float startY = (float) (centerX + (radius - circleBorderWidth) * Math.cos(rad));
float stopX = (float) (centerX + radius * Math.sin(rad) + 1);
float stopY = (float) (centerX + radius * Math.cos(rad) + 1);
canvas.drawLine(startX, startY, stopX, stopY, linePaint);
}
//4.绘制文字
float textWidth = textPaint.measureText(percent + "%");
int textHeight = (int) (Math.ceil(textPaint.getFontMetrics().descent - textPaint.getFontMetrics().ascent) + 2);
canvas.drawText(percent + "%", centerX - textWidth / 2, centerX + textHeight / 4, textPaint);
}
/**
* 设置百分比
*
* @param percent
*/
public void setPercent(int percent) {
if (percent < 0) {
percent = 0;
} else if (percent > 100) {
percent = 100;
}
this.percent = percent;
invalidate();
}
}
最后，贴上自定义控件代码(自定义控件、Activity，布局文件)下载地址： Android圆形进度CircleProgressBar
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持海外IDC网。