Android Fragment的静态注册和动态注册创建步骤
一、fragment静态注册创建方法及步骤
1.创建一个StaticFragment.java文件继承Fragment类和一个static_fragment.xml文件完成fragment的布局。在StaticFragment.java中重载onCreateView(……)方法，通过调用inflater.inflate(……)方法并传入布局资源ID生成fragment的视图资源，并绑定static_fragment.xml中的相关组件然后实现其功能。实现代码如下：
static_fragment.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".StaticFragment"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_fm"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="这是fragment静态注册"
android:textAllCaps="false">
</Button>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_fm"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入你要改变的内容：">
</EditText>
</LinearLayout>
StaticFragment.java
package com.example.myapplication;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
public class StaticFragment extends Fragment {
private Button mBtnFm;
private EditText mEtFm;
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater,
@Nullable ViewGroup container,
@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//fragment的视图资源是直接通过调用inflater.inflate(……)方法并传入布局资源ID生成的。
View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.static_fragment,
container,false);
mEtFm = v.findViewById(R.id.et_fm);
mBtnFm = v.findViewById(R.id.btn_fm);
mBtnFm.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mBtnFm.setText(mEtFm.getText().toString());
}
});
return v;
}
}
2.在主布局activity_main.xml文件中绑定fragment布局文件。
实现代码如下：
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="这是主布局"
android:textColor="@color/colorAccent"
android:textSize="30sp">
</TextView>
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="下面是fragment的布局"
android:textColor="@color/colorPrimaryDark"
android:textSize="30sp">
</TextView>
<fragment
android:id="@+id/static_fm"
android:name="com.example.myapplication.StaticFragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</fragment>
</LinearLayout>
注意：布局文件中加fragment节点，name属性必须填写完整的路径
MainActivity.java
package com.example.myapplication;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}
演示：
二、fragment动态注册创建方法及步骤
1.新建一个项目，创建2个Fragment继承类分别为MyFragment1.java和MyFragment2.java，然后创建2个布局文件分别为fragment1.xml和fragment2.xml.详细代码如下：
fragment1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MyFragment1"
android:gravity="center"
android:background="@color/colorPrimaryDark">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="@string/hello_blank_fragment"
android:textSize="30sp"
android:textAllCaps="false"
android:textColor="#F70505">
</TextView>
</LinearLayout>
MyFragment1.java
package com.example.myapplication;
import android.content.Context;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class MyFragment1 extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// Inflate the layout for this fragment
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1, container, false);
}
}
fragment2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MyFragment2"
android:gravity="center"
android:background="@color/colorAccent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="@string/hello_blank_fragment"
android:textSize="30sp"
android:textAllCaps="false"
android:textColor="#03FAE3">
</TextView>
</LinearLayout>
MyFragment2.java
package com.example.myapplication;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class MyFragment2 extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,
ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// Inflate the layout for this fragment
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2, container, false);
}
}
上述代码与静态创建的区别不大。
2.以代码的形式将fragment添加到activity需要在activity里直接调用FragmentManager。
FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
然后通过代码块：
FragmentTransaction ts = fm.beginTransaction(); Fragment mfg1 = new MyFragment1(); ts.add(R.id.fragment_container,mfg1); ts.commit();
提交一个fragment事务。其核心是ts.add(……)方法。
详细代码如下：
activity_main.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/linear"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_dy1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="fragment1"
android:textColor="@color/colorAccent"
android:textSize="30sp">
</Button>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_dy2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="fragment2"
android:textColor="@color/colorPrimaryDark"
android:textSize="30sp">
</Button>
</LinearLayout>
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_above="@id/linear">
</FrameLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
注意：fragment模块一般用FrameLayout布局承载
MainActivity.java
package com.example.myapplication;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private Button mBtnDy1;
private Button mBtnDy2;
FragmentManager fm;
Fragment mfg1;
Fragment mfg2;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
mBtnDy1 = findViewById(R.id.btn_dy1);
mBtnDy2 = findViewById(R.id.btn_dy2);
mBtnDy1.setOnClickListener(this);
mBtnDy2.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
clearSelection();//清除按钮状态
FragmentTransaction ts = fm.beginTransaction();
hideFragments(ts);
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.btn_dy1:
mBtnDy1.setBackgroundColor(0xff0000ff);
if(mfg1 == null){
mfg1 = new MyFragment1();
ts.add(R.id.fragment_container,mfg1);
}else {
ts.show(mfg1);
}
break;
case R.id.btn_dy2:
mBtnDy2.setBackgroundColor(0xff0000ff);
if(mfg2 == null){
mfg2 = new MyFragment2();
ts.add(R.id.fragment_container,mfg2);
}else {
ts.show(mfg2);
}
break;
default:
break;
}
ts.commit();
}
// 将所有的Fragment都置为隐藏状态。
private void hideFragments(FragmentTransaction transaction) {
if (mfg1 != null) {
transaction.hide(mfg1);
}
if (mfg2 != null) {
transaction.hide(mfg2);
}
}
// 清除掉所有的选中状态。
private void clearSelection() {
mBtnDy1.setBackgroundColor(0xffffffff);
mBtnDy2.setBackgroundColor(0xffffffff);
}
}
演示：
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Android Fragment的静态注册和动态注册创建步骤，希望对大家有所帮助！