iOS 使用 socket 实现即时通信示例（非第三方库）
其实写这个socket一开始我是拒绝的。
因为大家学C 语言和linux基础时肯定都有接触，客户端和服务端的通信也都了解过，加上现在很多开放的第三方库都不需要我们来操作底层的通信。
但是！还是想写。底层的东西最好了解下。
效果
由于5M的上传限制GIF可能看不清 我再截两张图吧
服务器
客户端A
客户端B
模型图
分析
由上图可以了解到服务器和客户端需要做哪些工作
服务器
抽象一点分为:
1.创建线程等待接收客户端的连接
2.接收并解析客户端发来的消息
3.给客户端发送消息
具体一点:
1.创建socket. 绑定端口.开始监听.
2.创建线程.等待接收客户端连接.
3.接收客户端发来的消息
4.解析消息内容
a.设置用户名
b.发送消息给指定客户端
客户端
抽象一点分为:
1.连接服务器
2.给服务器发送消息
3.接收服务器消息
4.解析消息内容
具体一点:
1.创建socket.绑定端口.连接服务器
2.发送消息
a.设置用户名
b.给指定用户发消息:按服务器格式拼接字符串
3.接收消息
a.普通消息
b.用户列表:保存至用户列表
UI方面
服务器:其实不用什么UI放个控件展示下日志就是了
客户端:比较简单,一个俗套聊天室的界面,直接storyboard里拖拖控件设置约束了
DEMO而已别太当真
代码部分
服务器
要使用scoket需要引用这三个头文件
#include <netinet/in.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <arpa/inet.h>
只有一个model,用来绑定用户名和socket
@interface ClientModel : NSObject @property(nonatomic,assign)int clientSocket; @property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *clientName; @end
只有一个文件全给你
#import "ViewController.h"
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#import "ClientModel.h"
static int const kMaxConnectCount = 5;
@interface ViewController()
@property (weak) IBOutlet NSTextField *textField;
//@property (nonatomic,assign)int client_socket; //客户端socket
@property (unsafe_unretained) IBOutlet NSTextView *textView;
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSMutableArray *clientArray;
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSMutableArray *clientNameArray;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (NSMutableArray *)clientArray {
if (!_clientArray) {
_clientArray = [NSMutableArray array];
}
return _clientArray;
}
- (NSMutableArray *)clientNameArray {
if (!_clientNameArray) {
_clientNameArray = [NSMutableArray array];
}
return _clientNameArray;
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
//创建socket
int server_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (server_socket == -1) {
NSLog(@"创建失败");
[self showLogsWithString:@"socket创建失败"];
}else{
//绑定地址和端口
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
server_addr.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_port = htons(1234);
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
bzero(&(server_addr.sin_zero), 8);
int bind_result = bind(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
if (bind_result == -1) {
NSLog(@"绑定端口失败");
[self showLogsWithString:@"绑定端口失败"];
}else{
if (listen(server_socket, kMaxConnectCount)==-1) {
NSLog(@"监听失败");
[self showLogsWithString:@"监听失败"];
}else{
for (int i = 0; i < kMaxConnectCount; i++) {
//接受客户端的链接
[self acceptClientWithServerSocket:server_socket];
}
}
}
}
}
- (void)setRepresentedObject:(id)representedObject {
[super setRepresentedObject:representedObject];
// Update the view, if already loaded.
}
//创建线程接受客户端
-(void)acceptClientWithServerSocket:(int)server_socket{
struct sockaddr_in client_address;
socklen_t address_len;
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
//创建新的socket
while (1) {
int client_socket = accept(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&client_address,&address_len );
if (client_socket == -1) {
[self showLogsWithString:@"接受客户端链接失败"];
NSLog(@"接受客户端链接失败");
}else{
NSString *acceptInfo = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"客户端 in,socket:%d",client_socket];
[self showLogsWithString:acceptInfo];
//接受客户端数据
[self recvFromClinetWithSocket:client_socket];
}
}
});
}
//接受客户端数据
- (void)recvFromClinetWithSocket:(int)client_socket{
while (1) {
//接受客户端传来的数据
char buf[1024] = {0};
long iReturn = recv(client_socket, buf, 1024, 0);
if (iReturn>0) {
NSLog(@"客户端来消息了");
NSString *str = [NSString stringWithCString:buf encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[self showLogsWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"客户端来消息了:%@",str]];
[self checkRecvStr:str andClientSocket:client_socket];
}else if (iReturn == -1){
NSLog(@"读取消息失败");
[self showLogsWithString:@"读取消息失败"];
break;
}else if (iReturn == 0){
NSLog(@"客户端走了");
[self showLogsWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"客户端 out socket:%d",client_socket]];
NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:self.clientArray];
for (ClientModel *model in array) {
if (model.clientSocket == client_socket) {
[self.clientNameArray removeObject:model.clientName];
[self.clientArray removeObject:model];
}
}
close(client_socket);
break;
}
}
}
//检查接受到的字符串
- (void)checkRecvStr:(NSString*)str andClientSocket:(int)socket{
if ([str hasPrefix:@"name:"]) {
NSString *name = [str substringFromIndex:5];
ClientModel *model = [[ClientModel alloc] init];
model.clientSocket = socket;
model.clientName = name;
if (self.clientArray.count > 0) {
int flag = 999;
//用户名不能相同
int i = 0;
for (ClientModel *client in self.clientArray) {
//改名
if (client.clientSocket == socket) {
NSString *oldName = self.clientNameArray[i];
self.clientNameArray[i] = name;
self.clientArray[i] = model;
for (ClientModel *oldclient in self.clientArray) {
[self sendMsg:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ 改名 %@",oldName,name] toClient:oldclient.clientSocket];
[self showLogsWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ 改名 %@",oldName,name]];
NSString *list = [self.clientNameArray componentsJoinedByString:@","];
//向客户端推送当前在线列表
[self sendMsg:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"list:%@",list] toClient:oldclient.clientSocket];
}
flag = 2;
}else{
if ([client.clientName isEqualToString:model.clientName]) {
//用户名已存在
flag = 1;
break;
}
}
i++;
}
if (flag != 1 & flag != 2) {
[self.clientArray addObject:model];
[self.clientNameArray addObject:model.clientName];
//向客户端推送当前在线列表
for (ClientModel *client in self.clientArray) {
[self sendMsg:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@,上线了",name] toClient:client.clientSocket];
NSString *list = [self.clientNameArray componentsJoinedByString:@","];
//向客户端推送当前在线列表
[self sendMsg:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"list:%@",list] toClient:client.clientSocket];
}
//给当前客户端发送一条欢迎信息
NSString *msg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Welcome %@ !",name];
[self sendMsg:msg toClient:socket];
[self showLogsWithString:msg];
}else if (flag == 1){
[self sendMsg:@"注册用户名失败，用户名已经存在，请重新设置用户名" toClient:socket];
[self showLogsWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"socket %d 注册用户名失败，设置的用户名已经存在",socket]];
for (ClientModel *model in self.clientArray) {
[name isEqualToString:model.clientName];
}
}
}else{
[self.clientArray addObject:model];
[self.clientNameArray addObject:model.clientName];
//向客户端推送当前在线列表
//给当前客户端发送一条欢迎信息
NSString *msg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Welcome %@ !",name];
[self sendMsg:msg toClient:socket];
[self showLogsWithString:msg];
NSString *list = [self.clientNameArray componentsJoinedByString:@","];
//向客户端推送当前在线列表
[self sendMsg:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"list:%@",list] toClient:socket];
}
}
//给某人发消息
else if ([str hasPrefix:@"to:"]){
NSRange nameRange = [str rangeOfString:@"*"];
NSString *name = [str substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(3, nameRange.location-3)];
NSString *content = [str substringFromIndex:nameRange.location+1];
NSString *fromClientName;
//找出发送者
for (ClientModel *model in self.clientArray) {
if (socket == model.clientSocket) {
fromClientName = model.clientName;
break;
}
}
//给目标发送信息
for (ClientModel *model in self.clientArray) {
if ([name isEqualToString:model.clientName]) {
NSString *msg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ to you\n%@",fromClientName,content];
[self sendMsg:msg toClient:model.clientSocket];
[self showLogsWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ 发送给 %@ 内容是：%@",fromClientName,name,content]];
break;
}
}
}
}
//给客户端发送信息
- (void)sendMsg:(NSString*)msg toClient:(int)socket{
char *buf[1024] = {0};
const char *p1 = (char*)buf;
p1 = [msg cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
send(socket, p1, 1024, 0);
}
//在界面上显示日志
- (void)showLogsWithString:(NSString*)str {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
NSString *newStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"\n%@",str];
self.textView.string = [self.textView.string stringByAppendingString:newStr];
});
}
@end
客户端
由于客户端设计的就比较简单,所以代码量也很少,全给你.
#import "ViewController.h"
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
@interface ViewController ()<UITableViewDelegate,UITableViewDataSource>
//服务器socket
@property (nonatomic,assign)int server_socket;
//UI
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *userNameField;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextView *chatView;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *msgField;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *toName;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIView *onlineUserView;
@property (nonatomic,strong)UITableView *onlineTable;
//user列表
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSMutableArray *userArray;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (NSMutableArray *)userArray {
if (!_userArray) {
_userArray = [NSMutableArray array];
}
return _userArray;
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
[self.userNameField becomeFirstResponder];
self.userNameField.text = @"";
self.msgField.text = @"";
//添加table用户列表
self.onlineTable = [[UITableView alloc] initWithFrame:self.onlineUserView.frame style:UITableViewStylePlain];
self.onlineTable.delegate = self;
self.onlineTable.dataSource = self;
[self.view addSubview:self.onlineTable];
int server_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (server_socket == -1) {
NSLog(@"创建失败");
}else{
//绑定地址和端口
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
server_addr.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_port = htons(1234);
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
bzero(&(server_addr.sin_zero), 8);
//接受客户端的链接
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
//创建新的socket
int aResult = connect(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
if (aResult == -1) {
NSLog(@"链接失败");
}else{
self.server_socket = server_socket;
[self acceptFromServer];
}
});
}
}
//从服务端接受消息
- (void)acceptFromServer{
while (1) {
//接受服务器传来的数据
char buf[1024];
long iReturn = recv(self.server_socket, buf, 1024, 0);
if (iReturn>0) {
NSString *str = [NSString stringWithCString:buf encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
//筛选前缀
if ([str hasPrefix:@"list:"]) {
NSString *arrayStr = [str substringFromIndex:5];
NSArray *list = [arrayStr componentsSeparatedByString:@","];
self.userArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:list];
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[self.onlineTable reloadData];
});
NSLog(@"当前在线用户列表：%@",arrayStr);
}else{
//回到主线程 界面上显示内容
[self showLogsWithString:str];
}
}else if (iReturn == -1){
NSLog(@"接受失败-1");
break;
}
}
}
//在界面上显示日志
- (void)showLogsWithString:(NSString*)str {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
NSString *newStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"\n%@",str];
self.chatView.text = [self.chatView.text stringByAppendingString:newStr];
});
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
//设置用户名
- (IBAction)clickSetUserName:(id)sender {
NSString *msg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name:%@",self.userNameField.text] ;
[self sendMsg:msg];
// [self showLogsWithString:msg];
[self.msgField becomeFirstResponder];
}
//发送信息
- (IBAction)clickSendMsg:(id)sender {
if ([self.msgField.text isEqualToString:@""] || ![self.userArray containsObject:self.userNameField.text] || [self.toName.text isEqualToString:self.userNameField.text]) {
[self showLogsWithString:@"请设置用户名、检查发送对象、消息不能为空"];
return;
}
NSString *msg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"to:%@*%@",self.toName.text,self.msgField.text];
[self sendMsg:msg];
NSString *displayMsg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"to:%@\n%@",self.toName.text,self.msgField.text];
[self showLogsWithString:displayMsg];
self.msgField.text = @"";
}
//给客户端发送信息
- (void)sendMsg:(NSString*)msg {
char *buf[1024] = {0};
const char *p1 = (char*)buf;
p1 = [msg cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
send(self.server_socket, p1, 1024, 0);
}
#pragma mark - TableViewDelegate & dataSource
- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section{
return self.userArray.count;
}
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
static NSString *cellId = @"onlinetableviewcellid";
UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:cellId];
if (cell == nil) {
cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:cellId];
}else{
NSLog(@"cell重用了");
}
cell.textLabel.text = self.userArray[indexPath.row];
return cell;
}
//点击cell
- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
self.toName.text = self.userArray[indexPath.row];
[self.msgField becomeFirstResponder];
}
@end
Demo地址：IMsocketDemo_jb51.rar
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